Core Principles of CNC Machining Material Selection

Core Principles of CNC Machining Material Selection:

Machinability directly determines machining efficiency, tool wear, and machining accuracy.

Material hardness should be moderate: Excessive hardness (e.g., unannealed high-carbon steel, cemented carbide) accelerates tool wear and increases machining difficulty; insufficient hardness (e.g., pure aluminum) easily leads to tool sticking and burrs, affecting surface quality.

Pay attention to the material's machinability: such as cutting force, cutting temperature, and chip breaking properties. Materials with good chip breaking properties (e.g., free-cutting steel) reduce chip entanglement during machining.

Matching the Product's Usage Scenarios:

Structural components: Must meet strength and rigidity requirements; steel and aluminum alloys are preferred.

Transmission components: Must be wear-resistant and fatigue-resistant; alloy steel and stainless steel are suitable.

Corrosion-resistant applications: Stainless steel, aluminum alloys, and titanium alloys are suitable.

Lightweight requirements: Aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, and titanium alloys are suitable.

Low-cost general-purpose components: Ordinary carbon steel and cast iron are suitable.

Considering Post-Machining Process Compatibility:

If the product requires subsequent welding, electroplating, spraying, or heat treatment, material compatibility must be considered during material selection.

For example: aluminum alloys are easy to anodize, stainless steel can be electroplated, and carbon steel is suitable for quenching.

Controlling costs and supply stability: Prioritize standard grades of materials with large market availability and easy procurement. Non-standard and special materials will increase procurement costs and delivery risks.